Appalachia: Demographics & People

1,391 people call Appalachia home, in 603 households. Population shrank 13.7% from 1,612 (2022) to 1,391 (2024). Median age 43.3 years. (1.5y older than Wise County; 5.5y older than Virginia). Children under 18 are 23% of the population. Population is 88% White (non-Hispanic) and 4% Black. The community is relatively homogeneous (Simpson index 0.19). 68% of households are family-led. County is gaining 237 residents per year (2022-2023). County health: 42% adult obesity, 21% smoke.

Population & Trend

Population shrank 13.7% from 1,612 (2022) to 1,391 (2024). Estimated 2026 population: ~1,206 (extrapolated at -6.9%/yr trend). Census Bureau Vintage estimate: 986.

Census data vintage2024
Population36,130 people
Annual growth rate · Population change-13.7%
Annual growth rate · Population (2022)1,612
Annual growth rate · Population (2024)1,391
Annual growth rate · Trend categoryshrinking
Population1,391 people (vs Virginia 42,214) population: 4 observations from 2026-04-17 to 2026-04-28
Population Estimate986

Sources: Census ACS 5-Year 2023, Table B01003  ·  Refreshed 2026-04-12

Age Distribution

Median age 43.3y is 4.4 years older than the U.S. median (38.9y). Children under 18 make up 23% — near the U.S. share of ~22%.

Age Summary · Median age43.3 years (vs Virginia 37.8y)
Age Summary · Children Pct22.9%
Age Summary · Characterestablished
Age Summary · Total Pop1,391
Age Summary · Under 18319
Age Summary · 18 To 34257.0×
Age Summary · 35 To 64578.0×
Age Summary · 65 Plus237
Population under 18319
Median age43.3 years (vs Virginia 37.8y)

Sources: Census ACS 5-Year 2024 — place-level B01001 query · Census ACS 5-Year 2023  ·  Refreshed 2026-04-29

Race, Ethnicity & Diversity

Of 1,391 residents, race / ethnicity breaks down by Census ACS counts (a person can identify with one or more groups). The Simpson diversity index is 0.19 (0 = single group, 1 = perfectly even distribution); this is read as relatively homogeneous.

White residents1,333
Black residents111
Hispanic or Latino residents43
Diversity Index · Diversity index (Simpson)19.0%
Diversity Index · Diversity labelrelatively homogeneous
Diversity Index · Groups counted3
Diversity Index · Largest group share89.6%
Black population4.0% (vs Virginia 18.2%)
Hispanic or Latino population0.9% (vs Virginia 10.1%)
White (non-Hispanic) population87.7% (vs Virginia 53.8%)

Sources: Census ACS 5-Year 2023  ·  Refreshed 2026-04-12

Ancestry

Self-reported ancestry from Census ACS — what residents report as their ethnic origin, separate from race. Counts can exceed population because people can list multiple ancestries.

Top (8)

(unnamed)
American
(unnamed)
English
(unnamed)
Irish
(unnamed)
German
(unnamed)
Black
(unnamed)
Hispanic Total
(unnamed)
Puerto Rican
(unnamed)
Polish

Citizenship & Origin

Where residents were born and their citizenship status (Census ACS). 0.6% are foreign-born — below the U.S. average of 13.9%. 1% have naturalized to U.S. citizenship.

Residents born in this state1,099
Residents born in another state270
Share born in this state79.0%
Share born in another state21.0%
Native-born U.S. citizens19.4%
Foreign-born residents0.6%
Naturalized citizens0.9%
Total foreign-born residents11
From Europe6

Households & Family Composition

603 households. Averaging 2.4 people each — matches the U.S. average of 2.5. 68% are family households — above the U.S. share of ~65%. Of 392 families, 24% are married couples with children.

Children under 18463
Total families392
Married couples with children96
Single-parent households17
Average household size2.41
Women who gave birth (past year)15.7%
Grandparents living with grandchildren35
Grandparents responsible for grandchildren5
Family households407 households (vs Virginia 9,367)
Households that are families67.5% (vs Virginia 65.0%)
Total households603 households (vs Virginia 14,324) total_households: 2 observations from 2026-04-23 to 2026-04-23

Sources: Census ACS 5-Year 2023  ·  Refreshed 2026-04-12

Residential Stability & Migration

How long residents have lived here and where they came from. 12.4% moved within the county in the past year — the U.S. baseline is roughly 8–10%. The surrounding county is gaining 237 residents per year on net (IRS migration data).

Moved within the county (past year)12.4%
Migration · People moving in (annual)27,380
Migration · People moving out (annual)27,143
Migration · Net migration (in − out)237
Migration · Population growingYes
Migration · Year2022-2023

Sources: IRS SOI Migration 2021-2022  ·  Refreshed 2026-04-12

Disability

Census ACS measures self-reported functional limitations — vision, hearing, mobility, cognitive, self-care, or independent-living. The U.S. baseline disability rate is about 12–13%; rates trend higher with median age.

Residents with a disability177
Disability rate11.2%

Other

Congressional District · District9
Congressional District · FormattedVA-09
Congressional District · Congress118th
Cdc Birth Rate · Fips51195
Cdc Birth Rate · State Fips51
Cdc Birth Rate · County Fips195
Cdc Birth Rate · CountyWise
Cdc Birth Rate · Birth Rate34.8%
Cdc Birth Rate · Lower Ci29.80
Cdc Birth Rate · Upper Ci40.30
Cdc Mortality · Fips51195
Cdc Mortality · CountyWise County
Cdc Mortality · Urban RuralMicropolitan
Cdc Mortality · Total Deaths 2020 20231,269
Cdc Vaccination · Fips51195
Cdc Vaccination · CountyWise County
Cdc Vaccination · Dose1 Pop Pct61.9%
Cdc Vaccination · Series Complete Pct50.2%
Cdc Vaccination · Booster Pct35.6%
Cdc Vaccination · Population 201937,383
Cdc Vaccination · Metro StatusNon-metro
Family Score · Score7.30
Family Score · Schools12
Family Score · Childcare Centers1
Family Score · Children Pct22.9%
Family Score · Ratingexcellent
Town Summary · Key Factspopulation 1,391, shrinking, established, working-class, mixed
Town Summary · Population1,391 people (vs Virginia 42,214)
Town Summary · CountyWise County

Sources: Census place-to-CD118 crosswalk (place_fips) · federal dataset cascade