Cumberland: Demographics & People
Cumberland's population stands at 273 people, in 152 households. Population shrank 6.2% from 291 (2022) to 273 (2024). Median age 63.9 years. (20.4y older than Cumberland County; 26.1y older than Virginia). Population is 72% Black and 28% White (non-Hispanic). The community is moderately diverse (Simpson index 0.48). 47% of households are family-led. County is gaining 398 residents per year (2022-2023). County health: 39% adult obesity, 18% smoke.
- 1.8 people per household (vs Virginia avg 2.6).
- 53% non-family households (singles, roommates) (vs Virginia 35%).
Population & Trend
Population shrank 6.2% from 291 (2022) to 273 (2024). Estimated 2026 population: ~256 (extrapolated at -3.1%/yr trend). Census Bureau Vintage estimate: 235.
| Census data vintage | 2024 |
|---|---|
| Population | 9,675 people |
| Annual growth rate · Population change | -6.2% |
| Annual growth rate · Population (2022) | 291 |
| Annual growth rate · Population (2024) | 273 |
| Annual growth rate · Trend category | shrinking |
| Population | 273 people (vs Virginia 42,214) |
| Population Estimate | 235 |
Sources: Census ACS 5-Year 2023, Table B01003 · Refreshed 2026-04-12
Age Distribution
Median age 63.9y is 25.0 years older than the U.S. median (38.9y).
| Age Summary · Median age | 63.9 years (vs Virginia 37.8y) |
|---|---|
| Age Summary · Character | retirement community |
| Age Summary · Total Pop | 273 |
| Age Summary · 18 To 34 | 54.0× |
| Age Summary · 35 To 64 | 86.0× |
| Age Summary · 65 Plus | 133 |
| Age Summary · Pct 18 To 34 | 19.8% |
| Age Summary · Pct 35 To 64 | 31.5% |
| Median age | 63.9 years (vs Virginia 37.8y) |
Sources: Census ACS 5-Year 2024 — place-level B01001 query · Census ACS 5-Year 2023 · Refreshed 2026-04-29
Race, Ethnicity & Diversity
Of 273 residents, race / ethnicity breaks down by Census ACS counts (a person can identify with one or more groups). The Simpson diversity index is 0.48 (0 = single group, 1 = perfectly even distribution); this is read as moderately diverse.
| White residents | 116 |
|---|---|
| Black residents | 175 |
| Diversity Index · Diversity index (Simpson) | 47.9% |
| Diversity Index · Diversity label | moderately diverse |
| Diversity Index · Groups counted | 2 |
| Diversity Index · Largest group share | 60.1% |
| Black population | 72.5% (vs Virginia 18.2%) |
| White (non-Hispanic) population | 27.5% (vs Virginia 53.8%) |
Sources: Census ACS 5-Year 2023 · Refreshed 2026-04-12
Ancestry
Self-reported ancestry from Census ACS — what residents report as their ethnic origin, separate from race. Counts can exceed population because people can list multiple ancestries.
Top (3)
Citizenship & Origin
Where residents were born and their citizenship status (Census ACS).
| Residents born in this state | 230 |
|---|---|
| Residents born in another state | 43 |
| Share born in this state | 84.2% |
| Share born in another state | 15.8% |
| Native-born U.S. citizens | 15.8% |
| Total foreign-born residents | 98 |
Households & Family Composition
152 households. Averaging 1.8 people each — smaller than the U.S. average of 2.5. 47% are family households — below the U.S. share of ~65%. Of 85 families, 0% are married couples with children.
| Total families | 85 |
|---|---|
| Average household size | 1.82 |
| Women who gave birth (past year) | 19.0% |
| Grandparents living with grandchildren | 208 |
| Grandparents responsible for grandchildren | 29 |
| Family households | 72 households (vs Virginia 9,367) |
| Households that are families | 47.4% (vs Virginia 65.0%) |
| Total households | 152 households (vs Virginia 14,324) |
Sources: Census ACS 5-Year 2023 · Refreshed 2026-04-12
Residential Stability & Migration
How long residents have lived here and where they came from. The surrounding county is gaining 398 residents per year on net (IRS migration data).
| Migration · People moving in (annual) | 9,015 |
|---|---|
| Migration · People moving out (annual) | 8,617 |
| Migration · Net migration (in − out) | 398 |
| Migration · Population growing | Yes |
| Migration · Year | 2022-2023 |
Sources: IRS SOI Migration 2021-2022 · Refreshed 2026-04-12
Disability
Census ACS measures self-reported functional limitations — vision, hearing, mobility, cognitive, self-care, or independent-living. The U.S. baseline disability rate is about 12–13%; rates trend higher with median age.
| Residents with a disability | 50 |
|---|---|
| Disability rate | 15.0% |
Other
| Congressional District · District | 5 |
|---|---|
| Congressional District · Congress | 118th |
| Cdc Birth Rate · Fips | 51049 |
| Cdc Birth Rate · State Fips | 51 |
| Cdc Birth Rate · County Fips | 049 |
| Cdc Birth Rate · County | Cumberland |
| Cdc Birth Rate · Birth Rate | 13.3% |
| Cdc Birth Rate · Lower Ci | 8.60 |
| Cdc Birth Rate · Upper Ci | 19.60 |
| Cdc Mortality · Fips | 51049 |
| Cdc Mortality · County | Cumberland County |
| Cdc Mortality · Urban Rural | Noncore |
| Cdc Mortality · Total Deaths 2020 2023 | 212 |
| Cdc Vaccination · Fips | 51049 |
| Cdc Vaccination · County | Cumberland County |
| Cdc Vaccination · Dose1 Pop Pct | 43.0% |
| Cdc Vaccination · Series Complete Pct | 37.1% |
| Cdc Vaccination · Booster Pct | 11.5% |
| Cdc Vaccination · Population 2019 | 9,932 |
| Cdc Vaccination · Metro Status | Non-metro |
| Family Score · Score | 3.30 |
| Family Score · Schools | 4 |
| Family Score · Childcare Centers | 1 |
| Family Score · Rating | fair |
| Town Summary · Key Facts | population 273, shrinking, retirement community, lower-income, service economy |
| Town Summary · Population | 273 people (vs Virginia 42,214) |
| Town Summary · County | Cumberland County |
Sources: NCES school congressional district assignment · federal dataset cascade